Glossary

A blood test used to detect diabetes related autoantibodies

A disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own healthy cells instead of protecting it from infections. Type 1 diabetes is an example

Cells in the pancreas that make insulin

A serious condition when diabetes is not diagnosed in time

Treatments that slow progression of type 1 diabetes

Gradual development of type 1 diabetes over time

Blood sugar levels outside the normal range including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia

Presymptomatic stage where damage has started but no symptoms are present

Having a close relative with type 1 diabetes which increases risk

Blood sugar measurement after fasting

Regular testing after positive screening

Sugar in the blood that fuels your body

Blood test showing average blood sugar over 2–3 months

A hormone made by the pancreas that helps glucose enter the body’s cells to be used for energy

Proteins that target insulin producing cells and indicate development of type 1 diabetes

Normal blood sugar levels

Test measuring how the body handles glucose after intake

An organ in the body that produces insulin and helps regulate blood sugar levels

Presence of autoantibodies indicating early stage type 1 diabetes

Testing people without symptoms to identify early signs of disease

Autoantibodies present with normal blood sugar and no symptoms

Autoantibodies present with rising blood sugar but no symptoms

Symptomatic stage with high blood sugar requiring insulin

Includes thirst urination weight loss fatigue and blurred vision

An autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks the insulin producing cells in the pancreas